Express Entry and Permanent Residence

Comprehensive Express Entry Support from Eligibility to Final Decision.

Express Entry decisions depend on far more than a CRS estimate. Program eligibility, NOC selection, work history, language results, education, family information, settlement funds and supporting documents must remain accurate and consistent from the first profile through the permanent residence application. Hesam Kazemi Immigration Inc. provides structured professional support at every agreed stage of that process.

Led by an RCIC · Licence R707216
Support from Assessment through Decision
Serving Clients in Canada and Worldwide
Understanding the System

What Is Express Entry?

Express Entry is the federal electronic system used to receive, rank and manage applications from skilled workers. It is not a visa and it is not a single immigration program. A person must first qualify under the Canadian Experience Class, Federal Skilled Worker Program or Federal Skilled Trades Program before entering the pool.

An eligible candidate submits a profile containing information about age, education, official-language ability, Canadian and foreign work experience, family composition and other ranking factors. The system assigns a Comprehensive Ranking System score and places the profile in the pool.

Invitation rounds may target the highest-ranked candidates generally, candidates under a specific program, or candidates who meet a defined category. Only after receiving an Invitation to Apply can a candidate submit the electronic application for permanent residence.

The permanent residence application must prove the information used to obtain the invitation. A CRS score that cannot be supported by documents can create an eligibility problem, a refusal risk or a misrepresentation concern.

Eligibility and ranking are different assessments.

Meeting the minimum requirements allows a profile to enter the pool. Receiving an invitation depends on the applicable round, the candidate's CRS score and any program or category requirements in effect at that time.

Eligibility Comes First

The Three Programs Managed through Express Entry

Each program has its own rules. A candidate may qualify for more than one, but work experience, language levels, education, job-offer requirements and settlement funds are assessed differently.

Canadian Experience Class

Designed for eligible skilled workers with qualifying work experience gained in Canada while authorized to work.

The candidate generally needs at least 12 months or 1,560 hours of eligible paid Canadian work in TEER 0, 1, 2 or 3 during the three years before applying.

Required language level depends on the occupation's TEER category. Education and a job offer are not minimum requirements, and CEC applicants do not normally need settlement funds.

Federal Skilled Worker Program

Designed for eligible skilled workers with qualifying Canadian or foreign work experience in TEER 0, 1, 2 or 3.

The candidate generally needs at least one continuous year or 1,560 hours in the same primary NOC within the previous ten years, minimum CLB or NCLC 7, and at least secondary education.

After meeting the minimum requirements, the candidate must also obtain at least 67 out of 100 points under the separate Federal Skilled Worker selection grid.

Federal Skilled Trades Program

Designed for eligible workers in specified skilled-trade NOC groups who meet the program's work and qualification requirements.

The candidate generally needs two years or 3,120 hours of eligible trade experience in the previous five years and must satisfy the applicable language thresholds.

A qualifying job offer for at least one year or a Canadian certificate of qualification in the trade is required. There is no minimum education requirement.

RequirementCanadian Experience ClassFederal Skilled WorkerFederal Skilled Trades
Work experience1 year in Canada during the last 3 years; TEER 0–3; authorized and paid work.1 continuous year during the last 10 years in the primary NOC; TEER 0–3; Canadian or foreign work.2 years during the last 5 years in an eligible skilled-trade group.
Minimum languageCLB/NCLC 7 for TEER 0–1; CLB/NCLC 5 for TEER 2–3.CLB/NCLC 7 in all four abilities for the first official language.CLB/NCLC 5 speaking and listening; 4 reading and writing.
EducationNo minimum requirement; education may increase CRS.At least secondary education; foreign education requires an ECA.No minimum requirement; education may increase CRS.
Job offerNot required for eligibility.Not required for minimum eligibility, though it may affect selection factors or current CRS rules.Required unless the candidate holds a Canadian certificate of qualification in the trade.
Settlement fundsNormally not required.Generally required unless the candidate is authorized to work in Canada and has a valid job offer.Generally required unless the candidate is authorized to work in Canada and has a valid job offer.
Additional program testNo separate 67-point grid.Must reach at least 67/100 under the FSW selection factors before CRS ranking.Must meet trade, job-offer or certificate requirements.
Ranking in the Pool

How the Comprehensive Ranking System Works

The CRS ranks eligible profiles. It is separate from the 67-point Federal Skilled Worker selection grid and can change when personal circumstances or government scoring rules change.

Core Human Capital

Age, education, first and second official-language ability and qualifying Canadian work experience.

Spouse or Partner Factors

When applicable, the accompanying spouse's education, language ability and Canadian work experience.

Skill Transferability

Combinations involving education, language, foreign work, Canadian work and a trade certificate can generate additional points.

Additional Points

Factors may include a provincial nomination, Canadian education, French-language ability and an eligible sibling in Canada.

Important 2026 CRS Update

New scoring rules take effect on November 3, 2026.

The new Labour Market Integration factor changes how Canadian work experience and qualifying job offers contribute to CRS points. A profile receives the higher applicable result from Canadian work experience or a qualifying job offer, rather than receiving both.

  • The factor can provide up to 150 CRS points, depending on marital status and qualifying circumstances.
  • Qualifying Canadian experience in specified high-wage occupations can receive additional points.
  • A qualifying job offer in an eligible high-wage occupation can receive 100 points.
  • LMIA support is no longer required solely for CRS job-offer points, but the offer must still satisfy the applicable validity requirements.
  • Job-offer requirements used for program eligibility are separate and may still apply.
Invitation to Apply

Invitation Rounds and Category-Based Selection

Being in the pool does not mean that an invitation will be issued. Each round has its own type, number of invitations, minimum score and tie-breaking information.

Category eligibility does not replace program eligibility. A candidate must still qualify under at least one Express Entry program and remain competitive among candidates eligible for that round.

French-language proficiencyHealthcare and social servicesSTEMTradesEducationTransportPhysicians in CanadaSenior managers in CanadaResearchers in CanadaSkilled military recruits

General Rounds

Top-ranking candidates who are eligible under one of the three Express Entry programs may be considered.

Program-Specific Rounds

Only candidates eligible under the program named in the round are ranked and considered for invitations.

Category-Based Rounds

Candidates must satisfy the category requirements and are then ranked by CRS among the eligible category candidates.

Tie-Breaking Rule

When candidates share the lowest invited score, the profile submission date and time identified in the round instructions may determine who receives an invitation.

Provincial Nomination

An Express Entry-aligned provincial nomination can add 600 CRS points, but the candidate must satisfy both the provincial requirements and an eligible federal Express Entry program.

2026 Category-Based Selection

Explore Eligibility and Eligible NOC Codes by Category

Choose a category to review its core requirement and, where applicable, the current occupation list. Category eligibility adds another filter to an invitation round; it does not by itself make a profile eligible for Express Entry.

French-language proficiencyLanguage category

A category for candidates with strong French ability. You still need to qualify for one of the three Express Entry programs and meet the instructions for the invitation round.

Key eligibility points

  • Minimum NCLC 7 in each of the four language abilities.
  • Valid approved French-language test results.
  • No occupation list applies to this category.
Healthcare and social servicesCanada or abroad

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained within the past three years. The experience does not need to be continuous, but it must be in one listed occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • Experience may be gained in Canada or abroad.
  • The eligible experience must be in one listed NOC, regardless of your primary occupation.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Specialists in clinical and laboratory medicine311001
Specialists in surgery311011
General practitioners and family physicians311021
Veterinarians311031
Dentists311101
Optometrists311111
Audiologists and speech-language pathologists311121
Pharmacists311201
Dietitians and nutritionists311211
Psychologists312001
Chiropractors312011
Physiotherapists312021
Occupational therapists312031
Other professional occupations in health diagnosing and treating312091
Nursing coordinators and supervisors313001
Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses313011
Nurse practitioners313021
Physician assistants, midwives and allied health professionals313031
Licensed practical nurses321012
Paramedical occupations321022
Respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists and cardiopulmonary technologists321032
Animal health technologists and veterinary technicians321042
Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment321092
Dental hygienists and dental therapists321112
Medical laboratory technologists321202
Medical radiation technologists321212
Medical sonographers321222
Cardiology technologists and electrophysiological diagnostic technologists321232
Pharmacy technicians321242
Other medical technologists and technicians321292
Massage therapists322012
Medical laboratory assistants and related technical occupations331013
Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates331023
Pharmacy technical assistants and pharmacy assistants331033
Social workers413001
Therapists in counselling and related specialized therapies413011
Social and community service workers422012
Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM)Canada or abroad

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained within the past three years in one listed STEM occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • Experience may be gained in Canada or abroad.
  • Occupation duties and evidence matter; a matching job title alone is not sufficient.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Architecture and science managers200110
Cybersecurity specialists212201
Civil engineers213001
Mechanical engineers213011
Electrical and electronics engineers213101
Industrial and manufacturing engineers213211
Geological engineers213311
Civil engineering technologists and technicians223002
Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians223012
Electrical and electronics engineering technologists and technicians223102
Insurance agents and brokers631003
Trade occupationsCanada or abroad

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained within the past three years in one listed trade occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • Experience may be gained in Canada or abroad.
  • Category eligibility is separate from Federal Skilled Trades Program eligibility.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Construction estimators223032
Construction managers700100
Home building and renovation managers700110
Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors721002
Sheet metal workers721022
Welders and related machine operators721062
Electricians (except industrial and power system)722002
Industrial electricians722012
Plumbers723002
Gas fitters723022
Carpenters723102
Cabinetmakers723112
Bricklayers723202
Construction millwrights and industrial mechanics724002
Heavy-duty equipment mechanics724012
Heating, refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics724022
Electrical mechanics724222
Water well drillers725012
Other technical trades and related occupations729992
Concrete finishers731003
Roofers and shinglers731103
Painters and decorators (except interior decorators)731123
Floor covering installers731133
Contractors and supervisors, oil and gas drilling and services820212
Butchers – retail and wholesale632013
Education occupationsCanada or abroad

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained within the past three years in one listed education occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • Experience may be gained in Canada or abroad.
  • Licensing for employment and immigration eligibility are separate issues.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Secondary school teachers412201
Elementary school and kindergarten teachers412211
Early childhood educators and assistants422022
Instructors of persons with disabilities422032
Elementary and secondary school teacher assistants431003
Transport occupationsCanada or abroad

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained within the past three years in one listed transport occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • Experience may be gained in Canada or abroad.
  • The occupation list is narrower than the transport sector as a whole.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors724042
Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors726002
Aircraft instrument, electrical and avionics mechanics, technicians and inspectors223132
Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics, and mechanical repairers724102
Physicians with Canadian work experienceCanadian experience

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained in Canada within the past three years in one listed physician occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • The experience must be Canadian work experience.
  • The experience does not need to be continuous.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Specialists in clinical and laboratory medicine311001
Specialists in surgery311011
General practitioners and family physicians311021
Senior managers with Canadian work experienceCanadian experience

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained in Canada within the past three years in one listed senior-management occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • The experience must be Canadian work experience.
  • Supporting duties must align with the selected NOC.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Senior managers – financial, communications and other business services000120
Senior managers – health, education, social and community services and membership organizations000130
Senior managers – trade, broadcasting and other services000140
Senior managers – construction, transportation, production and utilities000150
Researchers with Canadian work experienceCanadian experience

At least 12 months of eligible full-time work experience, or an equal amount of part-time experience, gained in Canada within the past three years in one listed research occupation.

Key eligibility points

  • The experience must be Canadian work experience.
  • The experience does not need to be continuous.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
University professors and lecturers412001
Post-secondary teaching and research assistants412011
Skilled military recruitsSpecial eligibility

A narrowly defined category for eligible Foreign Skilled Military Applicants with qualifying foreign military service and an arranged-employment offer from the Canadian Armed Forces.

Key eligibility points

  • At least 10 years of continuous service in a recognized foreign military.
  • Training and experience aligned with one of the listed NOCs.
  • A qualifying full-time Canadian Armed Forces offer lasting at least three years.
  • At least a two-year post-secondary credential; foreign education requires an ECA.
Eligible occupation2021 NOCTEER
Commissioned officers of the Canadian Armed Forces400420
Specialized members of the Canadian Armed Forces421022
Operations members of the Canadian Armed Forces432043

Criteria reviewed against current IRCC category-based selection information on October 29, 2026. The instructions published for a specific invitation round control if requirements change.

Settlement Funds

Who Needs Proof of Funds and How Much Is Required?

Proof of funds is generally required under the Federal Skilled Worker Program and Federal Skilled Trades Program. Canadian Experience Class applicants do not need it. An FSW or FST applicant may also be exempt when authorized to work in Canada and holding a valid job offer.

Minimum settlement funds in Canadian dollars — amounts updated by IRCC on July 7, 2025
Family membersMinimum funds (CAD)
1$15,263
2$19,001
3$23,360
4$28,362
5$32,168
6$36,280
7$40,392
Each additional family member+$4,112

Count the full family size

Include yourself, your spouse or common-law partner, your dependent children and your spouse or partner’s dependent children, including specified family members who are not accompanying you.

Funds must be available and unborrowed

You must have legal access to the money when you apply and when a permanent resident visa is issued. Equity in real property and borrowed money do not qualify.

Bank letters need specific details

Letters should identify the institution and account holder and show account numbers, opening dates, current balances, six-month average balances and outstanding debts.

Settlement-fund amounts are reviewed annually. Confirm the current amount before profile updates and before submitting a permanent residence application.

Professional Support

From Assessment through the Final Decision

Express Entry work involves more than entering information into a profile. Your eligibility, ranking factors, work history, documents and explanations need to remain consistent from the initial profile through the permanent residence application.

01

Eligibility and Strategy Assessment

Review your immigration history, work experience, education, language results, family composition and potential Express Entry pathways.

02

Work History and NOC Review

Assess occupational classification, duties, dates and supporting evidence rather than relying only on job titles.

03

Profile and Document Preparation

Prepare the information used to create the profile and identify documents that may be required if an invitation is issued.

04

Invitation Review

Confirm that the information supporting the invitation remains accurate and that the candidate continues to meet the relevant requirements.

05

Permanent Residence Submission

Prepare forms, supporting documents and explanations for the electronic application within the deadline shown in the invitation.

06

Post-Submission Support

Assist with applicable requests, updates and communications through the final decision, within the agreed retainer scope.

Evidence at Each Stage

Documents for the Profile and Permanent Residence Application

The profile contains declarations and document numbers. After an invitation, the permanent residence application must prove those declarations. Preparing early reduces deadline pressure and reveals inconsistencies before submission.

Passport and IdentityValid travel documents, names, dates, civil-status records and family information must match across the application.
Approved Language ResultsIELTS General Training, CELPIP-General or PTE Core for English; TEF Canada or TCF Canada for French. Results must remain valid at profile and application submission.
Education and ECACanadian credentials or a valid immigration-purpose Educational Credential Assessment for eligible foreign education claims.
Employment EvidenceReference letters, contracts, pay evidence, tax records and other documents supporting dates, hours, salary, duties and work authorization.
Proof of FundsWhere required, official financial-institution letters showing accessible, unborrowed settlement funds and the required account history.
Police CertificatesCertificates for the applicant and applicable adult family members based on countries of residence and the required time periods.
Immigration Medical ExamAn Express Entry applicant normally completes an upfront medical examination after receiving an ITA and before submitting the application.
TranslationsDocuments not in English or French require compliant translations plus the original or certified copy and any required translator affidavit.
Provincial Nomination or Job OfferSupporting records must meet the applicable federal and provincial definitions rather than relying on the label alone.
Personal History and TravelAddress, travel, education, employment and activity histories must be complete, chronological and consistent with earlier applications.
After an Invitation

From ITA to Electronic Application for Permanent Residence

An Invitation to Apply is valid for 60 days. The information that generated the invitation must be rechecked before accepting and submitting the application.

01

Review the Invitation

Confirm the invited program, CRS score, category if applicable, document validity and whether any change has occurred since profile submission.

02

Complete the eAPR Forms

Enter complete personal, family, address, travel, education and employment history and reconcile it with the Express Entry profile.

03

Upload Evidence

Provide the personalized checklist documents, compliant translations and clear explanations for unusual facts, gaps or unavailable records.

04

Pay and Submit

Complete a final consistency review, pay the applicable government and biometric fees and submit before the invitation expires.

After Submission

What Happens While the Application Is Processed?

Processing can involve several separate assessments. Timing and document requests vary by file.

Completeness Review

The application, forms, fees and required documents are checked. An incomplete application can be rejected.

Biometrics

Applicants who require biometrics receive instructions and must comply within the deadline in the letter.

Program Eligibility

The officer assesses whether the applicant met the invited program requirements and supported the profile claims.

Medical and Admissibility

Medical, criminality, security and other admissibility requirements are reviewed for the applicant and family members.

Additional Requests

IRCC may request documents, clarification, updated information, an interview or a response to identified concerns.

Final Decision

If approved, the applicant completes the confirmation steps for permanent residence. A refusal or rejection requires a separate review of the reasons and available options.

Accuracy and Consistency

Common Express Entry Problems That Require Careful Review

The application is assessed against the evidence, not only the score displayed in the profile. These issues can affect eligibility, completeness, points or admissibility.

!

Incorrect NOC Selection

A matching job title is not enough. The lead statement and most main duties must be supported by the actual work performed.

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Unsupported Work Experience

Reference letters that omit duties, hours, salary, dates or employer information may not prove the claimed experience.

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Expired Language Results or ECA

Language results must be less than two years old and an ECA less than five years old at the required stages.

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Inconsistent Personal History

Differences between past visa applications, the Express Entry profile and the eAPR require review and accurate explanation.

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Unexplained Source of Funds

Large recent deposits, borrowed funds or documents missing required account information can create settlement-fund concerns.

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Changes after Profile Submission

Marriage, divorce, a child, a new passport, changed employment, expired documents or a withdrawn nomination may require an update.

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Declining CRS after ITA

If corrected information reduces the score below the round cut-off, the invitation and application strategy must be reassessed before submission.

!

Incomplete or False Information

Applicants remain responsible for their application. Material inaccuracies can lead to refusal, inadmissibility and a multi-year bar.

Detailed Express Entry FAQ

Questions about Eligibility, CRS and Application Strategy

Express Entry outcomes depend on the program, the invitation round, current scoring rules and the evidence available for each claim.

Is Express Entry an immigration program?

No. It is the electronic system that manages applications under the Canadian Experience Class, Federal Skilled Worker Program and Federal Skilled Trades Program.

What is the difference between eligibility points and CRS points?

Eligibility determines whether you can enter the pool under at least one program. CRS points rank eligible profiles for invitations. The Federal Skilled Worker 67-point grid is also separate from CRS.

Do I need a job offer?

CEC and FSW do not require a job offer as a basic minimum in every case. FST requires either a qualifying job offer or a Canadian certificate of qualification. Job offers may also affect program eligibility or CRS under the rules in effect at the time.

Can I qualify with work experience from outside Canada?

Potentially. Foreign experience can support FSW eligibility and may contribute to CRS skill-transferability points. The work must meet the applicable NOC, timing, continuity and evidence requirements.

Can self-employment or work completed while studying count?

The answer depends on the program. Certain experience is excluded under CEC, while qualifying paid student work may count under FSW if it meets all requirements. Self-employment and trade experience require program-specific review.

How long are language results and an ECA valid?

Approved language-test results must be less than two years old, and an Educational Credential Assessment must be less than five years old when the profile and permanent residence application are submitted.

What happens if my CRS score changes after I receive an ITA?

The corrected score should be recalculated. If it falls below the score required for the invitation round, submitting the application may create a refusal risk. The invitation should be reviewed before proceeding.

Can I improve my CRS score?

Possible factors include stronger language results, French, additional education, eligible Canadian experience, spouse factors, a provincial nomination and other points available under the current rules. The best option depends on the profile.

Can I apply while living outside Canada?

Yes, if you qualify under an Express Entry program. Candidates in Canada and abroad can enter the pool, but program eligibility and document requirements still apply.

Do I need proof of funds?

FSW and FST candidates generally need settlement funds unless an applicable exemption is met. CEC applicants normally do not. Family size includes specified family members even when they are not accompanying the applicant.

Can my spouse or dependent children be included?

Eligible family members may be included. All family members must be declared correctly, and accompanying or non-accompanying status can affect forms, documents, CRS and admissibility examinations.

How long do I have after receiving an ITA?

The invitation is valid for 60 days. The forms, documents, translations, medical confirmation, police certificates and explanations should be prepared and reviewed before the deadline.

Does your firm help only with the profile?

No. Depending on the retainer, Hesam Kazemi Immigration Inc. can assist with assessment, NOC and CRS review, profile preparation, invitation review, document strategy, eAPR submission and post-submission requests through the final decision.

Discuss Your Express Entry Circumstances.

Contact Hesam Kazemi Immigration Inc. if you need professional assistance with eligibility, an existing profile, an invitation or a permanent residence application.

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